PLANTING SEEDLINGS

Cultivation of the soil in the tillage layer to the required depth creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of trees. Deep cultivation of the soil improves the development of the plant's root system. In some literature, tree species require less organic matter than cultural and agricultural crops. Therefore, there are misconceptions that they can be sown in soils with low nutritional elements. It should be noted that trees require different nutrients at different stages of development. It requires a lot of mineral substances, especially during the period of increased growth (after 10 years). Because during this period leaves and branches are forming strongly. During this period, the lack of nutrients causes them to get sick, that is, their growth slows down and the top part begins to dry up. This situation indicates that the tree lacks nutrients. It is necessary to pay attention to this situation when planting seedlings and caring for them. Sometimes, the growth of the first years after planting of seedlings is fast, and then it slows down. For example, common oak, planted in nutrient-poor, sandy soils, grows rapidly when young, then slows down because it can't get enough nutrients from the soil. Soil fertility is important for the growth and development of trees. For example, a 100-year-old Crimean pine grows up to 35 m tall in nutrient-rich soils (primary bonity). The better development of trees in fertile soils can be explained by the fact that their branches are formed earlier and are thicker than others.

Another important factor for the normal development of trees is the physical conditions of the soil. The softer the soil, the more favorable conditions are created for the growth and branching of the tree root system. For example, spruce roots usually spread horizontally, but in some soft soils, the root can grow vertically and even form a taproot.

The physical properties of the soil are also important for the water supply of trees. It is known that sandy soils retain less moisture, and clayey heavy loam soils have a good effect on the development of the tree root system due to high moisture retention.

Nutrient requirements of trees may vary depending on their species. Pennsylvania hemlock, small-leaved alder, small-leaved linden, spruce (el) trees are considered to be somewhat demanding trees for nutrients. The common oak tree differs from others in that it grows in different soil conditions. It can be found on dry mountain slopes, saline soils, gray soils, humus-rich soils on river banks, and sandy soils. Due to the well-developed root system of the common oak, its roots can reach a depth of 5-6 m.

It is recommended to plant drought-tolerant tree species (beech, field maple, alder, white poplar, small-leaved alder, Pennsylvanian Japanese oak, etc.) on generally dry soils.

White birch likes fertile soils, false chestnut, small-leaved linden, common smurt (cheremukha) grows well in fertile soils, only it needs to be watered in time.